Definition

1. Proper noun:
   • Newton's theory of gravitation: A fundamental physical theory, formulated by Sir Isaac Newton, which states that every particle of matter in the universe attracts every other particle with a force. This force is directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between their centers.

Usage

• This term is used to describe the classical, pre-Einsteinian understanding of gravity. It is a cornerstone of classical mechanics.
• It is typically used in academic, scientific, and historical contexts when discussing physics, astronomy, or the history of science.

Examples

• Proper noun:
  • Newton's theory of gravitation successfully explained the motions of planets and comets.
  • For centuries, Newton's theory of gravitation was the definitive explanation for gravitational phenomena.
  • The apple falling from the tree is a famous anecdote associated with the development of Newton's theory of gravitation.

Advanced Usage

• "within the framework of Newton's theory of gravitation": Used to specify that an analysis or calculation is based on Newtonian principles, not relativistic ones.
  • We can calculate the orbital period of the satellite within the framework of Newton's theory of gravitation.

Variants and Related Words

• Newtonian gravity: A synonymous term often used in physics.
• Law of universal gravitation: The specific physical law that is the core of the theory, often stated as .
• Classical gravity: A broader term that encompasses Newton's theory.

Synonyms

• Newtonian gravitation
• Universal gravitation (when referring specifically to the law)

Notes on Meaning

• This theory represents a specific historical and scientific concept. It is distinct from Einstein's general theory of relativity, which provides a more complete description of gravity, especially in strong gravitational fields or at velocities approaching the speed of light. Newton's theory remains extremely accurate for most practical applications on Earth and in the solar system.

Noun

1. (physics) the theory that any two particles of matter attract one another with a force directly proportional to the product of their masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them